第十一章编程练习答案

11.1修改程序清单11.5，将一系列连续的随机漫步者位置写入文件中，另外将初始条件和结果小结写入文件

//TVector.h
#include <iostream>
namespace n_vector
{
	using std::ostream;
	class TVector
	{
		public:
			enum Mode {RECT, POL};	// 坐标类型，依次为直角坐标、极坐标
		public:
			explicit TVector (double a = 0, double b = 0, Mode mode = RECT);	// (x, y) OR (length, angle)
			void reset (double a = 0, double b = 0, Mode mode = RECT);
			void setMode (Mode mode);
			Mode getMode (void) const;
			double getX (void) const;
			double getY (void) const;
			double getLength (void) const;
			double getAngle (void) const;
			TVector operator+ (const TVector& rvalue) const;
			TVector& operator+= (const TVector& rvalue);
			TVector operator- (void) const;
		private:
			void m_setPolar (void);
			void m_setRect (void);		
		private:
			double	m_x;		// 直角坐标的X坐标
			double	m_y;		// 直角坐标的Y坐标
			double	m_length;	// 极坐标的长度
			double	m_angle;	// 极坐标的角度
			Mode	m_mode;
	};
	ostream& operator<< (ostream& os, const TVector& vec);
}

//TVector.cc
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
#include "TVector.h"

namespace n_vector	
{
	static const double	k_rad_to_deg = 57.2958;
	static double convertRadToDeg (double rad)
	{
		return (rad * k_rad_to_deg);
	}
	static double convertDegToRad (double deg)
	{
		return (deg / k_rad_to_deg);
	}
	TVector::TVector (double a, double b, Mode mode) : m_mode(mode)
	{
		if (RECT == mode) {
			m_x = a;
			m_y = b;
			m_setPolar();
		} else if (POL == mode) {
			m_length = a;
			m_angle = convertDegToRad(b);
			m_setRect();
		} else {	;}
	}
	void TVector::reset (double a, double b, Mode mode)
	{
		*this = TVector(a, b, mode);
	}
	void TVector::setMode (Mode mode)
	{
		m_mode = mode;
	}
	TVector::Mode TVector::getMode (void) const
	{
		return (m_mode);
	}
	double TVector::getX (void) const
	{
		return (m_x);
	}
	double TVector::getY (void) const
	{
		return (m_y);
	}
	double TVector::getAngle (void) const
	{
		return (convertRadToDeg(m_angle));
	}
	double TVector::getLength (void) const
	{
		return (m_length);
	}
	TVector TVector::operator+ (const TVector& rvalue) const
	{
		TVector	tmp(m_x + rvalue.m_x, m_y + rvalue.m_y);
		tmp.m_mode = this->m_mode;
		return (tmp);
	}
	TVector& TVector::operator+= (const TVector& rvalue)
	{
		*this = *this + rvalue;
		return (*this);
	}
	TVector TVector::operator- (void) const
	{
		TVector	tmp(-m_x, -m_y);
		tmp.m_mode = this->m_mode;
		return (tmp);
	}
	void TVector::m_setPolar (void)
	{
		m_length = sqrt(m_x * m_x + m_y * m_y);
		m_angle = (0 == m_x && 0 == m_y) ? 0 : atan2(m_y, m_x);
	}
	void TVector::m_setRect (void)
	{
		m_x = m_length * cos(m_angle);
		m_y = m_length * sin(m_angle);
	}
	ostream& operator<< (ostream& os, const TVector& vec)
	{
		if (TVector::RECT == vec.getMode())
			os << '(' << vec.getX() << ',' << vec.getY() << ')';
		else 
			os << '(' << vec.getLength() << ',' << vec.getAngle() << "°)";
		return (os);
	}
}

//mian.cc
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <limits>
#include "TVector.h"
using namespace std;
using namespace n_vector;

int main () 
{     
	ofstream	of;
	of.open("output.txt");
	while (true) {
		double		setp;
		double		distance;
		unsigned	cnt_steps = 0;
		cout << "输入步长：";
		cin >> setp;
		if (!cin || setp <= 0)
			break;
		cin.clear();	// 清空输入缓冲区错误标志位
		cin.ignore(std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max(), '\n');	// 清空输入缓冲区内容
		cout << "输入距离：";
		cin >> distance;
		if (!cin || distance <= 0)
			break;
		cin.clear();	// 清空输入缓冲区错误标志位
		cin.ignore(std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max(), '\n');	// 清空输入缓冲区内容
		of << "开始>>>>>>>>>>" << endl;
		TVector	vec(0, 0, TVector::POL);
		srand((unsigned)time(nullptr));
		while (vec.getLength() < distance) {
			vec += TVector(setp, rand()%361, TVector::POL);
			of << cnt_steps++ << "：" << vec << endl;
		}
		of << "结束<<<<<<<<<<" << endl;
		of << "距离" << distance << "，步长" << setp << "，历经" << cnt_steps << "步走完，终点坐标" << vec << endl;
		of << "==========\n" << endl;
	}
	of.close();
} 

2,3,4,5,6题都为改编书中已有例子，实在是改不下去了。借先人例子来看

http://blog.csdn.net/qq844352155/article/details/24111645

http://blog.csdn.net/qq844352155/article/details/24112981

http://blog.csdn.net/qq844352155/article/details/24125767

http://blog.csdn.net/qq844352155/article/details/24128929

http://blog.csdn.net/qq844352155/article/details/24130805

11.7编写一个复数类，对复数进行运算

//11.7编写一个复数类，对复数进行运算，复数表示方法为(a，b)
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Complex{
	double a;
	double b;
public:
	Complex (const double x=0,const double y=0) : a(x),b(y) {}
	friend ostream & operator << (ostream & os  , const Complex & complex)
	{
		os << "(" << complex.a << " , " << complex.b << ")" ;
		return (os);
	}
	friend istream & operator >> (istream & is  ,  Complex & complex)
	{
		char ch;
		is >> complex.a >> ch >> complex.b ;
		return (is);
	}
	Complex operator +(const Complex & complex)
	{
		return Complex(a+complex.a,b+complex.b);
	}
	Complex operator -(const Complex & complex)
	{
		return Complex(a-complex.a,b-complex.b);
	}
	Complex operator *(const Complex & complex)
	{
		return Complex((a*complex.a - b*complex.b),(a*complex.b + b*complex.a));
	}
	friend Complex operator *(int x,const Complex & complex)
	{
		return Complex(x * complex.a , x * complex.b);
	}
	friend Complex operator ~(const Complex & complex)
	{
		return Complex(complex.a,-complex.b);
	}
};

int main()
{
	Complex a(3.0, 4.0);	// initialize to (3,4i) Programming Exercises
	Complex c;
	cout << "Enter a complex number (eg:a,b)(q to quit):\n";
	while (cin >> c)
	{
		cout << "c is " << c << endl;
		cout << "complex conjugate is " << ~c << '\n';
		cout << "a is " << a << endl;
		cout << "a + c is " << a + c << endl;
		cout << "a - c is " << a - c << endl;
		cout << "a * c is " << a * c << endl;
		cout << "2 * c is " << 2 * c << endl;
		cout << "Enter a complex number (eg:a,b)(q to quit):\n";
	}
	cout << "Done!" << endl;
}